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View Full Version : The Lure of Reverse Mortgages


Michael Evans
2/26/2006, 09:04 PM
The idea is simple enough. You have lived in the house for many years, and you have paid off the mortgage while watching the value of the house triple. Now that you are either nearing or actually in your retirement years, the bills start to mount much faster than the ridiculously understated cost-of-living increases in social security or, if you still have one, your pension payments. And oh yes, you meant to save during your working years but what with one thing and another, you only managed to set aside $23,000. What to do?

If your house is worth a substantial six-figure sum, one possibly is to sell it and live off the proceeds of that investment. But most people don?t want to move to reduced quarters, and would much prefer to hold on to the old homestead. Enter reverse mortgages ? the hottest new financial product on the market for Those Over 65.

Suppose your house is worth $400,000 and free and clear of all mortgages. Under a standard plan, you should be able to get a $300,000 reverse mortgage, which you can conservatively invest at 6% per year. Of that, $0,000 to $20,000 will usually go for fees. When you die, the lender sells the house and pays off the mortgage. Meanwhile, you live rent-free (except for taxes, insurance, and repairs, of course) and can enjoy your Golden Years more comfortably.

Now what could possible be wrong with that?

Of course, you would be spending the kid?s inheritance. But for some older folks, that?s no big thing. If this doesn?t bother you, there are relatively few downside risks. Yes, I know, the economy could go into another depression or interest rates could go back to 20%, but come on. Realistically speaking, inflation and interest rates are going to stay right about where they are for many years, and on average housing prices will rise at least as fast as the rate of inflation. If you want horror shows, you won?t find them here. Go rent the Texas Chainsaw Massacre Part IV.

The Federal government is all in favor of this scheme, by the way, because it reduces the number of poor sick people who will qualify for Medicaid. That doesn?t necessarily mean it is a good ? or a bad ? idea. It does mean that the government is encouraging financial institutions to make these loans available. So if you are interested, it is worth shopping around for the best deal, particularly on those up-front fees, because more and more lenders are now offering this type of mortgage.

Maybe by now you are waiting for me to drop the other shoe, so to speak, and reveal these mortgages as some sort of big scam, but if so, you will be disappointed. I have always thought that a long-term prudent investment strategy is, so to speak, to be overweighted on real estate. Over the past 50 years, the mortgage rate has averaged 1% to 2% more than the average annual appreciation in housing prices, but the homeowner gets the leverage from a 20% down payment plus ?inside buildup?, meaning you don?t have to pay income taxes on the gains as they are accumulating. That boosts the average annual gain from 6% to 12%. Even after paying 1% in property taxes and another 1% in insurance and repairs, the average annual gain on your equity is 10%, compared to an 8% mortgage rate (all these are long-term averages). Plus you get to live in the place.

I used to add some comment to the effect that another advantage is you couldn?t go to the bank and withdraw your equity buildup in the house easily, but that?s out the window these days with all the second mortgages and home equity loans. Which leads to the major problem of reverse mortgages ? many people have re-mortgaged their home so much that there isn?t much equity in spite of the rapid rise in prices. And if you don?t have much equity, the whole concept loses its value.

So reverse mortgages make sense only if you have no existing mortgage, or at worst a very small mortgage. Also, taking out a reverse mortgage at age 65 means you have immediately depleted your nest egg, and won?t have the increased equity to fall back on a decade or two from now. But increasingly, for people who are forced choose between losing their current home or not, reverse mortgages are quickly becoming the wave of the future. And as a result, the overall personal saving rate, which reportedly is already negative, will sink even further.

Apache0c
1/18/2009, 04:09 PM
Dear Michael,

I have some corrections/updates to your article. The current age of eligibility for a reverse mortgage is 62 years old, not 65. I would also like to comment on this portion of your review:

"So reverse mortgages make sense only if you have no existing mortgage, or at worst a very small mortgage. Also, taking out a reverse mortgage at age 65 means you have immediately depleted your nest egg, and wont have the increased equity to fall back on a decade or two from now. But increasingly, for people who are forced choose between losing their current home or not, reverse mortgages are quickly becoming the wave of the future. And as a result, the overall personal saving rate, which reportedly is already negative, will sink even further."

Reverse mortgages make a lot of sense, even if you have a substantial mortgage debt. If, for example, you have 15 years left of $1500/month payments at the age of 62, you could free up that $1500/month for investments or living expenses by using a reverse mortgage to pay off the existing mortgage.

Taking out the reverse mortgage does not mean that you have immediately depleted your nest egg. I say this for several reasons. First off, reverse mortgage proceeds can be taken as a lump sum, line of credit or tenure payment. A line of credit sits there and accumulates no interest charges until the money is used, you are not charged interest on the money you do not use. Furthermore, the line of credit will grow over time as home values appreciate, this increases the amount of emergency fund cash you have access to. In this case, the nest egg remains until you need it.

People realize that the home will be sold at the time the borrower passes on, regardless of the fact of a reverse mortgage purchase or not, and I have not yet met a child that would not want their parents to be able to afford to live comfortably in order that the child may receive a larger inheritance.

Current interest rates on reverse mortgage proceeds are around the 3% mark. This is well below and approaching half that of the historical real estate appreciation percentages. This means that there has always been an inheritance remaining at the time of the property’s sale and repayment of the reverse mortgage.

In addition, the title to the home remains in the name of the borrower and their estate, and all of the equity from appreciation in the home above the value of the reverse mortgage belongs to the borrower and their estate. The heirs have the right to determine the method of disposition of the property at the time the borrower passes on, they can sell it themselves or allow the bank to sell it. The reverse mortgage loan amount usually begins at about half that of the property’s value, and since the interest rate is well below the historical appreciation rate, there is usually well over half the home’s value remaining at the time of sale to be passed on to the heirs. Usually the children wouldn’t object to only receiving a $200,000 inheritance in order that mom and dad could enjoy their retirement and live more comfortably.

I have not even gone into the advantages of the tenure payment or the ability to refinance at reduced cost when home values appreciate in order to free up more money for the borrower. Reverse mortgage proceeds can be used by the borrower for any purpose they desire, from home repairs to vacations to investments to helping the grandchildren purchase their first home. I have seen the proceeds used for all these purposes.

Thank you

Janne Bill
6/15/2009, 03:50 PM
A reverse mortgage enables homeowners, age 62 and older, to convert part of the equity in their
home into tax-free cash. There are no income or credit qualifcations and no monthly payments to make.

mbottari
6/20/2009, 11:43 AM
I have to add to Apache0c's comments. I am a Reverse Mortgage specialist and I live in California. I have seen the equity vanish in homes in many of the areas around me. What use to be worth $350,000 with a $250,000 Reverse Mortgage on it is now worth $200,000 or less.

Thank goodness for FHA mortgage insurance!

Marge Bottari
Reverse Mortgage Specialist